Category: News
Brasil: El expresidente Bolsonaro inicia su condena de 27 años de prisión por plan golpista
Por MAURICIO SAVARESE
El expresidente brasileño Jair Bolsonaro comenzó el martes a cumplir su condena de 27 años de prisión por liderar un intento de golpe de Estado diseñado para mantenerlo en el cargo después de perder las elecciones de 2022, un resultado que muchos en la nación sudamericana dudaban que alguna vez sucediera.
El juez del Supremo Tribunal de Brasil, Alexandre de Moraes, quien ha supervisado el caso, dictaminó que Bolsonaro permanecerá en la misma sede de la policía federal donde está desde que fue arrestado preventivamente el sábado por considerar que había riesgo de fuga.
Bolsonaro no tendrá ningún contacto con los pocos otros internos en la sede de la policía federal. Su habitación de 12 metros cuadrados tiene una cama, un baño privado, aire acondicionado, un televisor y un escritorio, según la policía federal.
Las leyes en Brasil también hubieran permitido que el hombre de 70 años fuera trasladado a una penitenciaría local o a una prisión en una instalación militar en la capital, Brasilia.
El juez del máximo tribunal consideró que la defensa de Bolsonaro agotó todas las apelaciones de su condena el lunes. Sus abogados querían que estuviera bajo arresto domiciliario debido a su mala salud.
El atribulado líder estaba bajo arresto domiciliario desde agosto, cuando De Moraes mencionó por primera vez que había riesgo de fuga. El líder de extrema derecha dijo que “alucinaciones” lo llevaron a romper con un soldador su monitor de tobillo el sábado, una afirmación que De Moraes desestimó en su orden de arresto preventivo.
El expresidente y varios de sus aliados fueron condenados por un panel de jueces del Supremo Tribunal por el intento de golpe tras la derrota electoral de Bolsonaro en 2022.
El complot incluía planes para asesinar al presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, al vicepresidente Geraldo Alckmin y al juez De Moraes. El plan también involucraba incitar a una insurrección a principios de 2023.
El expresidente también fue declarado culpable de cargos que incluyen liderar una organización criminal armada y de intentar la abolición violenta del Estado de derecho democrático.
Bolsonaro niega haber cometido delito alguno.
Otros dos condenados, Augusto Heleno y Paulo Sérgio Nogueira, ambos generales del Ejército, fueron enviados a la instalación militar de Brasilia para cumplir sus condenas. El exministro de Justicia, Anderson Torres, está encarcelado en la penitenciaría de Papuda, también en la capital de Brasil.
El almirante Almir Garnier cumplirá su condena en instalaciones de la Marina en Brasilia.
El compañero de fórmula de Bolsonaro y exministro de Defensa, Walter Braga Netto, otro general del Ejército, permanecerá en prisión en instalaciones militares en Río de Janeiro.
De Moraes también confirmó que el legislador y exjefe de la agencia de inteligencia de Brasil, Alexandre Ramagem, está prófugo en Estados Unidos.
Bolsonaro es una figura clave en la política brasileña a pesar de quedar inhabilitado para postularse a cualquier cargo, al menos hasta 2030, luego de un fallo del máximo tribunal electoral. Las encuestas muestran que sería un candidato competitivo en las elecciones del próximo año si se le permitiera postularse.
El expresidente es un aliado del presidente de Estados Unidos, Donald Trump, quien ha calificado el juicio del exlíder brasileño como una “cacería de brujas”. Bolsonaro fue mencionado en una orden de Estados Unidos para aumentar 50% los aranceles sobre varias exportaciones brasileñas.
Las relaciones entre los dos países han mejorado desde entonces, e incluso Lula y Trump se reunieron en Malasia en la cumbre de la Asociación de Naciones del Sudeste Asiático (ASEAN) en octubre. La mayoría de esos altos aranceles han sido eliminados.
Además de los impuestos a las importaciones brasileñas, Estados Unidos también sancionó a De Moraes y a otros funcionarios brasileños.
Las medidas en apoyo de Bolsonaro no tuvieron el efecto deseado y el juicio procedió de todos modos. La popularidad de Lula se vio impulsada por la percepción de que estaba defendiendo la soberanía nacional.
Bolsonaro no es el primer expresidente en pasar tiempo tras las rejas. Su predecesor Michel Temer (2016-2018) e incluso Lula también han estado en prisión. Fernando Collor de Mello, quien gobernó entre 1990 y 1992, está actualmente bajo arresto domiciliario debido a una condena por corrupción.
Bolsonaro es el primero en ser condenado por intentar un golpe de Estado.
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Esta historia fue traducida del inglés por un editor de AP con la ayuda de una herramienta de inteligencia artificial generativa.
El Salvador prorroga por 45ta vez el régimen de excepción en su lucha contra las pandillas
Por YOLANDA MAGAÑA
SAN SALVADOR (AP) — La Asamblea Legislativa de El Salvador aprobó el martes la 45ta. prórroga del régimen de excepción que suspende garantías constitucionales, como parte de la estrategia central del gobierno del presidente Nayib Bukele en el combate a las pandillas y en medio de cuestionamientos de grupos de derechos humanos a esa prolongada medida.
La nueva prórroga, que estará vigente desde el 2 de diciembre hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2025, fue aprobada con 57 votos del partido oficial Nuevas Ideas y sus aliados —dos diputados del Partido de Concertación Nacional y uno del Partido Demócrata Cristiano—. La diputada de oposición, Claudia Ortiz, votó en contra. Dos diputados de oposición estuvieron ausentes.
El diputado Caleb Navarro, del partido oficial Nuevas Ideas, argumentó que deben prorrogar la medida para “impedir la reorganización de las pandillas, capturar remanentes y bloquear el resurgimiento de nuevas estructuras criminales”.
Desde el inicio del régimen, el 27 de marzo de 2022, el gobierno asegura que van 1.060 días sin homicidios y 90.200 personas capturadas señaladas de tener supuestos nexos con las pandillas.
El martes un grupo de mujeres del Movimiento de Víctimas del Régimen protestó en el Centro Histórico de San Salvador contra el régimen de excepción y por la muerte, según afirman, de “al menos 25 mujeres” en las cárceles. También exigió justicia por la muerte de Jessica Solís, contra quien según autoridades salvadoreñas un soldado disparó accidentalmente el 6 de noviembre.
El Socorro Jurídico Humanitario, una ONG, informó por su parte que registra 458 adultos y cuatro niños fallecidos bajo custodia estatal durante la aplicación del régimen.
Su representante, Ingrid Escobar, quien se fue en junio de El Salvador denunciando persecución estatal en su contra, lamentó la nueva prórroga y argumentó que durante el régimen ha habido “tratos crueles, inhumanos y degradantes, torturas, muertes extrajudiciales, desaparición forzada”, inclusive, contra personas inocentes.
En su solicitud para la nueva prórroga, el gobierno sostuvo que “persisten remanentes activos” de pandillas y de redes de apoyo y que “no han sido completamente desarticuladas”.
Asegura que hay “vínculos transnacionales, intentos de reorganización y actividades ilícitas remanentes”. También explicó que han capturado a pandilleros y cabecillas, algunos de ellos deportados, con la cooperación de autoridades de Estados Unidos, México y Guatemala.
Para solicitar la nueva prórroga, el 24 de noviembre, el ministro de Seguridad, Gustavo Villatoro, argumentó ante el Consejo de Ministros que las condiciones bajo las cuales fueron suspendidas las garantías constitucionales “aún se mantienen”.
Si bien en marzo de 2022 se suspendieron cuatro garantías constitucionales, que incluyeron la libertad de asociación, el gobierno solo solicita prorrogar las suspensiones de las garantías de defensa, el plazo de la detención administrativa y la inviolabilidad de las telecomunicaciones.
En la solicitud, el gobierno argumentó que las prórrogas sucesivas no están prohibidas porque continúan las condiciones que motivaron la suspensión de esos derechos y la Constitución no establece que puede prorrogarse “por una sola vez”. El artículo 30 de la Constitución indica que el plazo de las garantías constitucionales “no excederá de 30 días” y que podrá prolongarse “por igual período y mediante nuevo decreto”.
Afternoon Briefing: Snowy owls make unusually early visit to lakefront
Good afternoon, Chicago.
Border Patrol Cmdr. Gregory Bovino was recently deposed as part of a lawsuit over the use of force by immigration agents during Operation Midway Blitz, and transcripts of the proceedings show his questioning grew testy immediately.
Attorneys in the case sparred as Bovino at times evaded questions on the controversial conduct of his agents, who drew sharp criticism for confronting Chicagoans and using tear gas in city neighborhoods.
Read the transcripts of the deposition.
And here’s what else is happening today. And remember, for the latest breaking news in Chicago, visit chicagotribune.com/latest-headlines and sign up to get our alerts on all your devices.
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A snowy owl on a fence near Montrose Beach on Nov. 24, 2025, in Chicago. (Armando L. Sanchez/Chicago Tribune)
Snowy owls’ unusually early visit to Chicago lakefront could signal migratory boom
Two snowy owls have been spotted at Montrose Point Bird Sanctuary and a third briefly at Rainbow Beach, according to the Chicago Ornithological Society. Read more here.
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Jeffery Regnier, owner of Kee Firearms and Training in New Lenox, and Greta Keranen, with Kee Construction, at the Will County Courthouse Nov. 17, 2025. (Addison Wright/Daily Southtown)
Owners of Kee Firearms and Kee Construction found not guilty
A Will County judge ruled that two New Lenox business owners are not guilty of fraud charges filed by the Will County state’s attorney’s office in 2023, bringing part of a more than two-year battle to a close. Read more here.
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Blackhawks’ Tyler Bertuzzi celebrates after his goal against the Kraken during the first period on Nov. 20, 2025. (Erin Hooley/AP)
All the good — and bad — from the Chicago Blackhawks through the first quarter of the NHL season
The Blackhawks (10-8-4) are a ways away from reaching Stanley Cup contention status, but they have notably improved from last season. That leap has come with highs and lows. Read more here.
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Paul McCartney performs at the United Center, Nov. 24, 2025, in Chicago. (Armando L. Sanchez/Chicago Tribune)
Review: Paul McCartney is still a legend, his songs bringing a Chicago audience together
Jojo got back. Sweet Loretta Martin, too. So did everyone fortunate enough to witness Paul McCartney amaze a standing-room-only audience at United Center yesterday during the first of a two-night stand. Read more here.
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President Donald Trump and first lady Melania Trump, stand next to national Thanksgiving turkey Gobble during a pardoning ceremony in the Rose Garden of the White House, Nov. 25, 2025, in Washington. (Julia Demaree Nikhinson/AP)
Trump takes jabs at political opponents — including Gov. JB Pritzker — at annual turkey pardoning
President Donald Trump didn’t bring much holiday cheer today when bestowing ceremonial pardons on two Thanksgiving turkeys, dispensing more insults than goodwill at the traditional White House ritual. Trump said he had a joke prepared about Gov. JB Pritzker, but “I refuse to talk about the fact that he’s a fat slob. I don’t mention it.” Read more here.
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Roadside worker airlifted after truck crashes into him on I-65
A worker picking up debris along Interstate 65 was airlifted to a Chicago Monday afternoon after a truck hit his parked vehicle which then careened into him.
Around 2:30 p.m. Monday, Indiana State troopers responded to a crash on I-65 southbound about one mile north of 61st Avenue, according to an ISP news release.
Police said that preliminary investigation shows a white 2021 Ford F-150 pulling a utility trailer owned by Interstate Business Solutions — a contractor whose employees pick up trash and debris while wearing high-visibility orange vests — was parked on the right shoulder. A white 2006 Chevrolet Silverado was traveling in the right lane when, for unknown reasons, it left its lane and struck the parked F-150 at a high rate of speed.
The force of the impact pushed the F-150 into the worker who was standing outside of the pickup, collecting debris in the ditch, police said. The Silverado then flipped over and came to a rest in the right lane.
The woker who was struck sustained serious injuries and was flown from the scene to the University of Chicago Hospital for treatment, the release stated. The driver of the Silverado also sustained serious injuries and was transported to Franciscan Health Crown Point.
This year’s Red Kettle campaign hopes to net $235,000 for Elgin Salvation Army
The bells are already ringing at 29 locations throughout the Elgin area as Salvation Army Lts. Scott and Allison Rodriguez oversee their first Red Kettle campaign.
“Our goal is to raise $235,000. Last year the Elgin campaign raised $220,000,” Scott Rodriguez said.
All the money collected locally during the holidays stays in Elgin to cover operational costs, services and programming offered through the Elgin Corps Community Center, 316 Douglas Ave., Allison Rodriguez said.
In fact, the married couple are planning to add two elementary school programs in January: a new recreation program run with the help of the Elgin Police Department and its ROPE officers and the launch of a new music program,
The couple’s own musical skills will come in handy for the latter. Allison plays piano and E flat alto saxophone and Scott plays tuba and guitar.
Scott said he took to music when, at age 7, he joined a Salvation Army band in his hometown of Rockford. Allison’s connection to the Salvation Army also runs deep.
“I’m the third generation of my family in the Salvation Army,” she said. “My grandparents Everett and (the late) Betty Jordan were captains here in Elgin in the 1970s. My grandfather also was the Elgin Police Department’s chaplain.”
The couple said they even met at a Salvation Army camp when they were both 13. After graduating from the Salvation Army Training College in Chicago, they were assigned to the Elgin Corps in late June.
“It’s been really fun so far. The people in Elgin and the city officials seem to be really involved and to really care about the people,” Scott said.
Allison noted that during an initial meeting with Mayor Dave Kaptain, he stressed how trust is important in running a city and an organization. With all that’s been happening in Elgin with ICE immigration enforcement, she said, the couple is stressing that the community center is a place of safety and trust.
Scott acknowledged it has been tough to get people to come out for events and programming because the presence of immigration officers have scared many into staying home. Still, during these times of high inflation and with SNAP benefit uncertainty, the couple said they are seeing high demand for Salvation Army services, particularly its food program.
As for the holidays, the couple said they currently have staff from Otto Engineering, Revcor and Advantech helping with their bell ringing campaign, which has a nationwide theme this year of “Give the Joy.” An additional 10 people are volunteers and another 14 are doing occasional paid work shifts.
“We’d love to have more people sign up to volunteer,” Allison said.
The pair is also overseeing a drive to collect toys and clothing that will be distributed to families in need on Dec. 17-18. Families must sign up in order to participate in the program.
“We’ve registered 470 families so far, and we anticipate there will be 100 more. That’s 1,068 children right now, and we’ll probably reach 1,200,” Allison said.
The Salvation Army runs an Angel Tree program through which applicants provide a wish list for their families. With the operation in Elgin, an adult family member shops in a makeshift store set up in the center’s gym to pick out two toys and a clothing item for each of their children.
Several companies have already donated items for the event, the couple said, including the Elgin Walmart and a couple Orangetheory Fitness locations.
The Salvation Army also runs an Adopt A Family program. Sponsors fill out a form to be paired with a family in need and purchase the items requested.
Students at Elgin, Larkin, Dundee-Crown, Hampshire and Jacobs high schools are taking part in a bell-ringing challenge, the Rodriguezes said. The school that raises the most money over the course of four Saturdays will receive $5,000 for the students’ efforts.
To make a donation to the Elgin Salvation Army Red Kettle, Adopt a Family and Angel Tree campaigns, go elginredkettle.org. To volunteer or to drop off toys, call 847-741-2304.
Mike Danahey is a freelance reporter for The Courier-News.
https://www.chicagotribune.com/2025/11/25/elgin-red-kettle-salvation-army/
Spartan Sisterhood at Oak Lawn Community High School offers ‘safe space’ for girls to learn and grow
There’s something special about having sisters, and that feeling is at the heart of Spartan Sisterhood, a club for girls at Oak Lawn Community High School.
“The Spartan Sisterhood’s mission is to empathize, embrace and empower each other, and that really captures what we’re all about,” said club cosponsor Sophie Black, a teacher at the school.
“We’re succeeding in our mission because we have witnessed the sense of support and confidence that’s grown among the members. The girls are more comfortable sharing their voices, lifting each other up and celebrating one another’s wins,” she explained.
Club member Gisnaya Balderas, a senior, joined the club this year because she “wanted to be part of something positive that brings girls together and I liked the idea of having a space where we can support each other, grow in confidence and build real connections beyond the classroom.”
What Balderas didn’t expect was how quickly she felt at home there. “What surprised me most was how open and welcoming everyone was from the start. I didn’t expect to bond with so many people so quickly,” she said. “It really showed me how strong sisterhood can be when everyone feels seen and supported.”
Her favorite thing about Spartan Sisterhood is the environment. “It feels like a safe space where we can talk, laugh and learn from one another. Ms. (Shatha) Odeh also makes it fun and empowering. She pushes us to be our best selves while still keeping things real.”
Junior Remington Hussein, also in her first year as a member, felt welcomed as well. “I loved how all the girls were very respectful and nice,” she said. “Everyone is very supportive, and it’s easy to open up and feel comfortable.”
Hussein joined because she “wanted a place where girls could support each other, feel included and build real relationships. I liked the idea of making new friends and growing with others.”
She hopes more girls participate. “It’s a great opportunity for a new club to meet new people, learn more about others and be surrounded by positive, supportive girls who want each other to succeed,” Hussein said.
Thus far, her favorite club activity has been the female-only dance she helped to plan. “We worked so hard on it, and seeing everyone come together and participate in an all-girls dance made it so special,” she shared. “We had fun and it turned into a memory that I’ll never forget.”
Members of the Spartan Sisterhood Club at Oak Lawn Community High School strike a pose at the club’s alternative homecoming dance, the event that spurred the creation of the club. (Oak Lawn Community High School)
The dance, held as an alternative to the traditional homecoming dance at the high school, is central to the group and the reason it began. The Student Council advisor came to Sophie Black and Odeh, another teacher at the school, in 2019 and asked if they’d be willing to host the dance because some students had been asking for something like it for years.
The dance takes place during Homecoming Week but on a different day from the traditional dance. “We have people who attend both because they are so into school spirit,” Odeh said, adding that the students create a playlist that she and Black then have to approve.
A big difference from the traditional dance is that it’s not coed. “There’s so much pressure in high school with the jump from middle school to high school (being) so drastic when it comes to social norms. We have some of our freshman students who aren’t ready to dive into that world but still enjoy the fun aspects of school,” Odeh explained.
In addition, it’s much smaller, with a crowd of 75 at its biggest, compared to the more than 500 students who attend the traditional dance – but that smaller size brings some benefits.
“Because it’s a smaller group of people, we’re able to order pizza and drinks and feed the kids, which is always a plus,” Odeh said, giving a shout-out to Grassano’s Pizza, which works with teachers to make things affordable.
The school supports the club by allocating gym space for the dance. Odeh said the maintenance staff goes “above and beyond. They are the unsung heroes of the building.”
Not only do maintenance staff set up the gym but they also recognize that club members might have special requirements. “There have been times when they partition the hallway so if there’s a (Muslim) student who has walked out of the gym without her scarf on, she’s safe,” she said. “I’ve been in this building 23 years – half my life – and our staff are such wonderfully helpful people.”
A hallway decked out in pink, including balloons and dancing silhouettes, welcomes girls in the Spartan Sisterhood Club to their alternative homecoming dance. (Oak Lawn Community High School)
Odeh can relate to the club’s members. “I call myself a social introvert. I’m much better in a small environment,” she shared. “Big crowds can overwhelm me and overstimulate me, but I still want to have fun.”
She described the club’s mission as being a “safe space for young emerging women to meet, talk about things that are bothering them, things that they are having a conflict with, get advice.
“It brings together students who would typically not find one another in the building,” Odeh said. “We have some students who are special ed students who are in classes that are different from our star athletes who are on the volleyball team.”
The club typically has anywhere from 25 to 35 members, including a lot of freshmen at the beginning of the school year. “Once the school year starts and the students get to know Mrs. Black and I, the juniors and seniors want to join,” she said. “They’ll show up by the third meeting of the year and are fully involved in preparing for events, selling tickets.”
Meetings take place once a month, although more are held as events get closer. For Women’s History Month in March, the Spartan Sisterhood decorates a wall in the main hallway. One year they bought carnations for all the female staff members.
Members also have collected items for feminine hygiene care packages for low-income students that are distributed during registration and available from teachers in every classroom. In the future, club members would like to cook a meal for the Ronald McDonald House in Oak Lawn.
Club members also help each other.
“One week we had a student who said she couldn’t understand a calculus assignment. Another student said, ‘I know how to do this’ and gave a lesson at the board,” Odeh said. “The student came back and said she aced her calculus exam.”
Parents seem to appreciate the club and its mission, she said.
“I have a student, not Middle Eastern, a freshman who is so painfully shy and quiet. I try to get her to engage and put her in groups of classwork that would be OK with her shyness, just to get her to see how worthy she is to get into a group,” Odeh said. “Her mother and I convinced her to come to one of our meetings. Next thing you know, on our parade float and our banner, she was right there and feeling good about herself. I’ve seen it build her confidence. That is a lot of the same messages we’ve gotten from parents.”
Black has gotten “overwhelmingly positive” feedback from parents and staff as well. “Our administration and teachers have been very supportive, commenting on how meaningful it is to see students creating such a positive and empowering space for one another,” she shared.
“Parents have also expressed appreciation for the club’s mission, wishing something like this had existed when they were in high school. Looking ahead, we always hope to expand the club’s impact through opportunities and events celebrating women’s voices and achievements.”
Odeh is pleased at how the club’s doing thus far. “I’m just so grateful that the school allows all these sorts of clubs. It wasn’t something I was looking to do. It was something that we saw a need for.”
Melinda Moore is a freelance reporter for the Daily Southtown.
https://www.chicagotribune.com/2025/11/25/spartan-sisterhood-oak-lawn-community-high/
El expresidente de Brasil Jair Bolsonaro comienza a cumplir su condena de 27 años de prisión
BRASILIA (AP) — El expresidente de Brasil Jair Bolsonaro comienza a cumplir su condena de 27 años de prisión.
Historic downtown Elgin building to be transformed into a boutique hotel, cafe
Plans to convert an historic downtown building into a 26-room, $4.3 million boutique hotel will be partially funded with Elgin TIF funds.
The Elgin House would include a small café on the ground floor at its 53-63 Douglas Ave. location, according to plans submitted by Chicago Realty Ventures Inc., which purchased the McBride Building in October 2024 from Cuming Holdings. The company is working with Atira Hotels, which will be a co-owner, to transform the top two floors into hotel rooms, City Manager Rick Kozal told the Elgin City Council last week.
Construction is expected to take about 14 months.
Atira operates 21 hotels in 12 states, including the award-winning, independent boutique hotel Lodge on the Desert in Tucson, Arizona.
Councilman Corey Dixon lauded the project as boon to the downtown district
“This is something that we’ve been wanting for a very, very long time, decades even, in our downtown,” he said. “We appreciate the project and the effort. We really look forward to making it a success.”
“Everyone is very happy about it,” Mayor Dave Kaptain said.
As part of the deal for the project to move forward, the council has tentatively approved a $1.2 million redevelopment agreement with Chicago Realty under which the company will receive Central Area Tax Increment Financing district money to help fund a portion of the work. Chicago Realty is also applying for state and federal historic tax credits.
The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2014. It was built in 1889 by brothers David and Thomas McBride, businessmen who worked in the coal and building materials industries. Originally, the 15,500-square-foot structure housed a bakery, dry goods store, saloon and loan offices, according to city documents.
Over the years, the building deteriorated to the point that it was condemned. A new owner spent $250,000 to repair and modernize it. The metal siding was added to the exterior, which was a trend in the 1960s, documents said.
Its original facade was restored in the late 1990s, returning its Queen Anne-style characteristics, including sandstone and rainite piers, sandstone and granite piers, corbelled brick, terra cotta ornament, scrolled brackets with Eastlake detailing and large, expansive windows, according to city documents.
Once completed, The Elgin House’s nightly rates would be $132 in the first year of operations. The hotel will have 15 employees, with the second floor having 12 rooms and the third floor with 14 rooms.
The café, named the Daily Bite, will be on the first-floor level. Two existing businesses, Fat Cat Custom Guitar and Repair and a State Farm insurance agency, will remain in the southern part of the building.
Gloria Casas is a freelance reporter for The Courier-News.
https://www.chicagotribune.com/2025/11/25/elgin-boutique-hotel-house-tif/
Algunos beneficiarios de DACA han sido arrestados en la ofensiva migratoria de Trump
Por VALERIE GONZALEZ
McALLEN, Texas, EE.UU. (AP) — Yaakub Vijandre se estaba preparando para ir a trabajar como mecánico cuando seis vehículos aparecieron frente a su casa en el área de Dallas. Agentes federales saltaron de los vehículos, uno le apuntó con un arma, y lo detuvieron.
Vijandre es beneficiario de la Acción Diferida para los Llegados en la Infancia, el programa de la era de Obama que ha protegido a cientos de miles de personas de la deportación desde 2012 si fueron traídas a Estados Unidos cuando eran niños y no han tenido problemas legales. La administración de Trump dijo que detuvo a Vijandre por publicaciones en redes sociales. El videógrafo independiente y activista propalestino describió su arresto a principios de octubre a sus abogados, quienes transmitieron la información a los periodistas.
Su arresto y varios otros este año señalan un cambio en cómo Estados Unidos está manejando a los beneficiarios de DACA mientras la administración del presidente Donald Trump reforma la política de inmigración de manera más amplia. El cambio se produce mientras los inmigrantes enfrentan un escrutinio más riguroso, incluyendo sus redes sociales, cuando solicitan visas, tarjetas de residencia, ciudadanía o para solicitar la liberación de sus hijos de la custodia federal. La administración también ha buscado deportar a estudiantes extranjeros por participar en activismo propalestino.
DACA fue creado para proteger a los beneficiarios, comúnmente conocidos como “Dreamers”, de arrestos y deportaciones por parte de inmigración. También les permite trabajar legalmente en Estados Unidos. Los beneficiarios vuelven a solicitar cada dos años. Anteriormente, si su estatus estaba en peligro, recibían una advertencia y aún tendrían la oportunidad de luchar antes de que inmigración los detuviera y comenzaran los esfuerzos para deportarlos.
En respuesta a preguntas sobre cualquier cambio, la subsecretaria de Seguridad Nacional Tricia McLaughlin emitió un comunicado diciendo que las personas “que afirman ser beneficiarios de la Acción Diferida para los Llegados en la Infancia (DACA) no están automáticamente protegidas de las deportaciones. DACA no confiere ninguna forma de estatus legal en este país”. Los beneficiarios de DACA pueden perder su estatus “por varias razones, incluyendo si han cometido un delito”, dijo.
Agregó que Vijandre hizo publicaciones en redes sociales “glorificando el terrorismo”, incluyendo una que, según ella, celebraba a Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, líder de Al Qaeda en Irak que fue asesinado en un ataque de Estados Unidos en 2006.
Un abogado de Vijandre, Chris Godshall-Bennett, declaró que la actividad en redes sociales de Vijandre “claramente” está protegida por la libertad de expresión. Añadió que el gobierno no ha proporcionado detalles sobre las publicaciones específicas en los documentos judiciales.
Vijandre es uno de aproximadamente 20 beneficiarios de DACA que han sido arrestados o detenidos por las autoridades de inmigración desde que Trump asumió el cargo en enero, según Home is Here, una campaña creada por grupos de defensa pro-DACA. La administración busca terminar su estatus de DACA, lo que podría resultar en su deportación a Filipinas, un hogar que no ha visitado desde que su familia llegó a Estados Unidos en 2001, cuando tenía 14 años.
DACA ha enfrentado desafíos legales
El programa sobrevivió al primer intento de la administración Trump de rescindir el programa cuando la Corte Suprema dictaminó en 2020 que la administración no tomó los pasos adecuados para terminarlo.
Ha habido otros intentos de terminar el programa o imponer restricciones a los beneficiarios.
Este año, el Tribunal de Apelaciones del Quinto Circuito emitió un fallo que negaría permisos de trabajo para los beneficiarios de DACA que viven en Texas. La administración de Trump presentó recientemente sus planes a un juez federal que está determinando cómo funcionará.
La administración también ha emitido nuevas restricciones sobre las licencias de conducir comerciales que impedirían que los beneficiarios de DACA y algunos otros inmigrantes las obtengan. El año pasado, 19 estados republicanos despojaron a los beneficiarios de DACA del acceso al seguro de salud bajo la Ley de Cuidado de Salud a Bajo Precio. Y el número de estados donde los estudiantes inmigrantes pueden calificar para la matrícula estatal ha disminuido desde que el Departamento de Justicia comenzó a demandar a los estados este año.
“Esta administración podría no estar tratando de terminar DACA por completo de la manera en que lo hicieron la primera vez, pero están socavándolo”, indicó Juliana Macedo do Nascimento, portavoz de United We Dream, que forma parte de Home is Here, la coalición que lleva un registro de los casos públicos de beneficiarios de DACA que han sido detenidos.
Beneficiarios de DACA detenidos cuestionan sus arrestos
Catalina “Xóchitl” Santiago Santiago, una activista de 28 años de El Paso, Texas, fue arrestada en agosto a pesar de mostrar a los agentes de inmigración un permiso de trabajo válido obtenido a través de DACA.
Días después, policías federales arrestaron a Paulo Cesar Gamez Lira cuando el padre de 28 años llegaba a su casa en El Paso con sus hijos después de una cita médica. Los agentes le dislocaron el hombro, según sus abogados.
Tanto Santiago como Gamez Lira fueron retenidos por más de un mes mientras sus abogados solicitaban su liberación.
Marisa Ong, abogada de Santiago y Gamez Lira, señaló que el gobierno no notificó a ninguno de sus clientes sobre la intención de terminar su estatus de DACA.
“Los beneficiarios de DACA tienen un interés constitucionalmente protegido en su libertad continua”, sostuvo Ong, agregando que “el gobierno no puede quitar esa libertad sin proporcionar una razón válida”.
Los beneficiarios de DACA pueden perder su estatus si son condenados por un delito grave, delitos menores significativos como aquellos que involucran daño a otros, conducir bajo la influencia o distribución de drogas, o tres o más delitos menores. También pueden perder su estatus si representan una amenaza para la seguridad nacional o la seguridad pública.
Seguridad Nacional afirmó en un comunicado que Santiago fue previamente acusada de allanamiento, posesión de narcóticos y parafernalia de drogas y que Gamez Lira fue previamente arrestado por posesión de marihuana.
Ong aseguró que cuando los abogados buscaron su liberación “el gobierno no presentó evidencia de ninguna mala conducta pasada por parte de ninguno de los individuos”.
Vijandre, el hombre del área de Dallas que fue arrestado en octubre, permanece en un centro de detención en Georgia. Sus abogados dicen que recibió un aviso dos semanas antes de su arresto de que el gobierno planeaba terminar su estatus de DACA, pero que no se le dio la oportunidad de luchar contra ello.
“Creo que la administración ha trazado una línea muy clara y al menos por ahora, entre ciudadanos y no ciudadanos, y su objetivo es remover a tantos no ciudadanos del país como sea posible y hacer lo más difícil posible para que los no ciudadanos entren al país”, aseveró Godshall-Bennett, abogado de Vijandre.
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Esta historia fue traducida del inglés por un editor de AP con ayuda de una herramienta de inteligencia artificial generativa.
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